Surveying and Mapping

Code: -
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CEAR-04/A
Georeferencing, land surveying, processing and restitution of metric and thematic data with a spatial-temporal reference.

Lesson hours:

48

Practice hours:

-

Propaedeuticities:

-

Credits:

6

Types of examinations:

Written and oral tests

Teacher:

-

Objectives:

The course aims to provide basic training on general problems of theoretical and operational topography, through the study of the elements of geodesy, the statistical treatment of observations, measuring instruments, and land surveying techniques. The course also covers the subject of cartography, visualizing geospatial information in a digital 3D map while carrying out civil engineering projects.

Contents:

Geodesy: Shape of the Earth. Definition of the reference surface. Earth’s gravitational field and Geoid. Earth ellipsoid. Geometry of the ellipsoid of rotation. Geographical and geocentric coordinates. Geodetic reference systems. Deviations between geoid and ellipsoid. Geodetic and plane surveying.

Mapping: Types of Map Projections. Map Projection to a Plane. Conformal Mapping. Transverse Mercator Projections. Universal Transverse Mercator. Computation of Coordinates on Universal Transverse Mercator Projections.

Statistical data processing: General considerations on measurements. Observation errors. Review of random variables, probability density, mean, variance, correlation, propagation of error. Estimation of the mean and variance of a direct measurement. Direct measurements of a quantity with different values of the uncertainty. Indirect measurement of a quantity. Least squares adjustment. Adjustment of direct conditioned observations. Method of indirect observations.

Measuring instruments and operations: Horizontal and zenith angles. Parts of a theodolite and functions. Optical mechanical and electronic instruments. Setting up of the theodolite. Conditions of rectification and systematic errors n angle measurements. Measure of distances. Direct and indirect measurement of distances. Electronic Distance Measurement. Basic principles of electro-optical EDM instruments. Effects of atmospheric conditions on wave velocity. Accuracy for distances by EDM. Leveling. Instruments and techniques for vertical distance measurements. Kinds of levels. Digital self-leveling levels.

Survey operations: Methods of horizontal positioning. Traverse computations. Computations for a closed-loop traverse. Location of point by intersection. Triangulation. Combined distance and angular measurement systems. Use of total station systems. Levelling applications.

Satellite positioning: System components. Receiver components and design. Pseudorange and phase measurements. Errors in the GNSS. Positioning methods. Static surveying. Kinematic surveying. GNSS reference networks.

Teaching materials:

Surveying: Theory and Practice, James M. Anderson, Edward M. Mikhail, McGraw-Hill.

Supplementary teaching materials will be provided during the course.